Whereas genomes and DNA are the software that transmits and processes information about living organisms, cells are the hardware that serves as vessels to run them. The Artificial Cell Reactor is a device that produces artificial cells as hardware on which newly created genomes and DNA are placed.

Professor Noji sees the potential of the 'Artificial Cell Reactor' to jump-start the bio-industry, including super-enzymes that process biomass to create new sources of energy, environmentally-friendly polymer materials that can be multiplied through self-replication, and ultra-sensitive detection of infectious agents such as viruses and disease markers to measure cancer and Alzheimer's progression.